Ndizosangalatsa kudziwa kutichingamu chotafunaidapangidwa kale pogwiritsa ntchito chicle, kapena madzi a mtengo wa Sapodilla, ndi zokometsera zina kuti zikhale zokoma. Chinthuchi n'chosavuta kuchiumba ndipo chimafewa mu kutentha kwa milomo. Komabe, akatswiri a zamankhwala adapeza momwe angapangire maziko opangira chingamu kuti alowe m'malo mwa chicle pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri Yapadziko Lonse pogwiritsa ntchito ma polima, rabara, ndi sera zopangidwa ndi kukoma ndi shuga zomwe zimapezeka mosavuta.
Chifukwa chake, mwina mukudzifunsa kuti, "Kodi kutafuna chingamu ndi pulasitiki?" Kawirikawiri, yankho ndi inde ngati kutafuna chingamu sikwachilengedwe ndipo kumapangidwa kuchokera ku zomera. Koma simuli nokha amene mukufunsa funsoli, chifukwa 80% ya omwe adayankha kafukufuku wosankhidwa wa anthu 2000 m'dera lina adati sakudziwa.
Kodi chingamu chotafuna chimapangidwa ndi chiyani kwenikweni?
Chingamu chotafuna chili ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana kutengera mtundu wake komanso dziko lake. Chodabwitsa n'chakuti,opangaSakuyenera kulemba chilichonse mwa zinthu zomwe zili mu chingamu pa zinthu zawo, kotero n'zosatheka kudziwa chomwe mukudya. Komabe, mungakhale ndi chidwi chofuna kudziwa zambiri za zinthu zomwe zili mu chingamu. - pitirizani kuwerenga kuti mudziwe zinthu zazikulu.
ZOPANGIRA ZIKULU ZA CHINGUMI CHA KUTENGA CHINGUMI ZIKUPHATIKIZAPO:
• CHIGAWO CHA MACHIMO
Maziko a chingamu ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zodziwika bwino zosakaniza chingamu, zomwe zimakhala ndi zigawo zitatu zazikulu: utomoni, sera, ndi elastomer. Mwachidule, utomoni ndiye chinthu chachikulu chomwe chingatafunidwe, pomwe sera imafewetsa chingamu ndipo elastomer imawonjezera kusinthasintha.
Zosakaniza zachilengedwe ndi zopangidwa zimatha kusakanikirana mu maziko a chingamu. Mwina chochititsa chidwi kwambiri, kutengera mtundu wa chingamu, maziko ake amatha kukhala ndi zinthu zotsatirazi zopangidwa:
• Rabala ya Butadiene-styrene • Isobutylene-isoprene copolymer (raba ya butyl) • Paraffin (kudzera mu njira ya Fischer-Tropsch) • Sera ya mafuta
Chodetsa nkhawa n'chakuti polyethylene imapezeka kwambiri m'matumba apulasitiki ndi zoseweretsa za ana, ndipo chimodzi mwa zinthu zomwe zili mu guluu wa PVA ndi polyvinyl acetate. Chifukwa chake, n'zodetsa nkhawa kwambiri kuti ife
• Zotsekemera
Zotsekemera nthawi zambiri zimayikidwa mu chingamu kuti zikhale ndi kukoma kokoma, ndipo zotsekemera zambiri zimapangidwa kuti ziwonjezere kukoma. Zosakaniza izi nthawi zambiri zimaphatikizapo shuga, dextrose, shuga/madzi a chimanga, erythritol, isomalt, xylitol, maltitol, mannitol, sorbitol, ndi lactitol, kungotchulapo zochepa.
• ZOPWETSA PANSI
Zofewetsa, monga glycerine (kapena mafuta a masamba), zimawonjezeredwa ku chingamu kuti zisunge chinyezi komanso kuwonjezera kusinthasintha kwake. Zosakaniza izi zimathandiza kufewetsa chingamu ikayikidwa mkamwa mwanu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti chingamu chikhale chofanana ndi cha munthu.
• Zokometsera
Chingamu chotafuna chingamu chingakhale ndi zokometsera zachilengedwe kapena zopangidwa kuti chikometse. Zokometsera zodziwika bwino za chingamu chotafuna ndi mitundu yachikhalidwe ya Peppermint ndi Spearmint; komabe, zokometsera zosiyanasiyana zokoma, monga mandimu kapena zipatso, zimatha kupangidwa powonjezera ma acid a chakudya pansi pa chingamu.
• KUPAKA NDI POLYOL
Pofuna kusunga ubwino ndikutalikitsa nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwalawa, chingamu nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi chipolopolo cholimba chakunja chomwe chimapangidwa ndi ufa wa polyol womwe umayamwa madzi. Chifukwa cha kuphatikiza kwa malovu ndi malo ofunda mkamwa, chophimba cha polyol ichi chimasweka mwachangu.
• GANIZIRANI ZA NJIRA ZINA ZA CHINGAMU
Chingamu chochuluka chomwe chimapangidwa masiku ano chimapangidwa kuchokera ku chingamu, chomwe chimapangidwa ndi ma polima, ma pulasitiki, ndi ma resini ndipo chimaphatikizidwa ndi zofewetsa zakudya, zosungira, zotsekemera, mitundu, ndi zokometsera.
Komabe, tsopano pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya chingamu yomwe imapezeka pamsika yomwe imachokera ku zomera komanso yoyenera anthu osadya nyama, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ikhale yokongola kwambiri ku chilengedwe komanso m'mimba mwathu.
Chingamu chotafuna mwachilengedwe chimakhala ndi zomera, sichimadya nyama, chimawola mosavuta, sichili ndi shuga, sichili ndi aspartame, sichili ndi pulasitiki, sichili ndi zotsekemera komanso zokometsera zopangidwa, ndipo chimatsukidwa ndi 100% xylitol kuti mano akhale athanzi.
Nthawi yotumizira: Disembala-09-2022